{"id":4224,"date":"2025-02-04T16:50:57","date_gmt":"2025-02-04T21:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/bht\/?p=4224"},"modified":"2025-03-24T12:26:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T16:26:57","slug":"dr-kara-wiseman-featured-in-womens-health-the-lies-weve-been-told-about-alcohol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/bht\/2025\/02\/04\/dr-kara-wiseman-featured-in-womens-health-the-lies-weve-been-told-about-alcohol\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Kara Wiseman featured in Women’s Health: The Lies We’ve Been Told About Alcohol"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Lies We\u2019ve Been Told About Alcohol<\/a><\/p>\n

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The Lies We’ve Been Told About Alcohol<\/h1>\n
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Why experts are now revealing the shocking truth behind alcohol\u2019s \u201chealth halo.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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By\u00a0Haley Weiss<\/span>Updated: Jan 03, 2025 10:25 AM EST<\/address>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/header>\n
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It took only seven years for cigarette sales to dip after the U.S. Public Health Service\u2019s first public acknowledgment that smoking causes cancer. Drinking alcohol causes cancer, too, and we\u2019ve known that for at least 37 years, since the World Health Organization (WHO) first published findings in 1987. Yet sales remain strong: In 2023, the alcohol market hit $37.7 billion.<\/p>\n

After nearly four decades, the open secret that alcoholic beverages are known carcinogens has finally bubbled into broader awareness, starting\u00a0a shift in conversations<\/a>\u00a0if not yet behavior. On January 3, the\u00a0U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, MD, called for cancer warnings<\/a>\u00a0to be put on alcoholic beverage labels,\u00a0stating that alcohol<\/a>\u00a0is linked to increased risk for at least seven different types of cancer, including breast cancer. In fact, one in every six breast cancer cases is attributable to alcohol consumption, per Dr. Murthy. Experts\u2019 voices are getting louder, and more people are listening.<\/p>\n

But it\u2019s not just the link to cancer that is cause for worry. Last year, public health leaders at the\u00a0WHO declared<\/a> that no amount of alcohol consumption is safe for our health\u2014research has shown that it can play a causal role in more than 200 types of disease and other health issues, including heart disease and dementia, as well as everyday problems like weight gain and sleep disruption.<\/p>\n

The ongoing cycle of funding and research on alcohol\u2019s negative health impacts, in addition to the growing sober and\u00a0sober-curious movements<\/a>\u00a0in the U.S., seem to suggest that we\u2019re at a\u00a0turning point in our collective relationship with alcohol<\/a>\u00a0that is similar to where we once were with smoking. But one challenge still looms large: For so long, we thought alcohol could potentially be healthy.<\/p>\n

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To this day, alcohol enjoys a lingering \u201chealth halo\u201d effect, with long-standing beliefs\u2014such as that, in small amounts, it can protect against heart disease and help promote longevity\u2014getting in the way of newly realized dangers. As of 2024, 62 percent of Americans identify as drinkers, therefore (knowingly or unknowingly) taking on these additional health risks. Over half of respondents in a\u00a02020 study<\/a>\u00a0were unaware of alcohol\u2019s carcinogenic risk (other data suggests\u00a0two-thirds of people<\/a>\u00a0are unaware of this link), and around 10 percent believed that moderate red wine consumption could actually help prevent cancer, says study author Kara P. Wiseman, an epidemiologist at the University of Virginia, who studies public perception of alcohol as a risk for cancer and ran the study.<\/p>\n

It makes sense that we\u2019d lean into any good news about a beverage that\u2019s helped prop up most of our civilizations, says David Nutt, a professor of neuropsychopharmacology at Imperial College London. Low-alcohol beers likely provided essential calories and nutrients in early Europe and Africa, and wine\u2019s ritual importance in multiple major religions stretches so far back that it can be hard to parse where divine mandate ends and pure pleasure takes over. \u201cIt was beer that brought humans together, not bread,\u201d Nutt says.<\/p>\n

The Data That Started A Firestorm<\/strong><\/h2>\n

It\u2019s fitting, then, that wine is where the health halo illusion started. When a 1991\u00a060 Minutes<\/em>\u00a0segment shared a\u00a0French researcher\u2019s findings<\/a>\u00a0that moderate red wine intake was associated with lower rates of heart disease, a visit from Bacchus himself couldn\u2019t have made the stuff a hotter commodity.<\/p>\n

The idea that the cardiac burden of a high-fat diet could be offset with wine (known to researchers as \u201cthe French paradox\u201d) was enticing enough that when small-scale studies in petri dishes suggested an antioxidant compound called resveratrol, found in red wine, could inhibit the formation of blood\u00a0clots<\/a>\u00a0and breaks up\u00a0fats<\/a>, it seemed too perfect to chalk up to coincidence. Wine and heart health became incontrovertibly linked, and wine manufacturers, whose sales numbers bubbled over, were thrilled.<\/p>\n

Nearly\u00a0100 different studies<\/a>\u00a0spanning six decades found the same thing: People who enjoyed roughly one alcoholic drink a day had up to a 25 percent lower risk for cardiovascular disease, heart disease, and stroke than those who didn\u2019t drink at all. Data from these studies suggested that those abstaining from alcohol actually had a higher risk of health issues, says James Morris, who researches alcohol and stigma at London South Bank University. Conversely, health risks dropped for those drinking the least amount of alcohol, but rose again once the drinker approached public health guidelines for alcohol consumption.<\/p>\n

Early on, some researchers\u00a0spotted issues<\/a>\u00a0with how these studies were set up and carried out, but their concerns were overshadowed in part by the sheer volume of research that funding from the alcohol industry enabled, according to Nutt. \u201cThe drinks industry has been phenomenally clear at promoting the possible benefits of alcohol, or undermining people\u2019s criticism of the benefits, in a very sophisticated way,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n

It took scientists until the 2010s to find the holes in these huge studies\u2019 methodologies. The problem, says Nutt, is that researchers were not taking important lifestyle and health variables into consideration. When recruiting \u201cnondrinking participants,\u201d they didn\u2019t ask those people if they\u2019d ever been drinkers, or why they didn\u2019t drink. As a result, the \u201cnever drinker\u201d results appeared to show that not drinking was worse for you than light drinking, when in reality, many nondrinking folks abstained because drinking had already impacted their long-term health or because they had developed a chronic health condition or disease that caused them to stop drinking.<\/p>\n

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Additionally, in Western countries, where the majority of health and alcohol studies were conducted, the type of light-to-moderate drinking found to be \u201chealthiest\u201d is closely associated with high levels of wealth, education, and other\u00a0socioeconomic factors<\/a>\u00a0that correlate with access to healthier lifestyles and good health care. The great French paradox, says Nutt, is simply \u201can artifact of wealth, lots of olive oil, and vitamin D.\u201d<\/p>\n

In extensive analyses of newer data, in which the nondrinkers are lifetime abstainers, the data trend tying alcohol to lower mortality\u00a0tends to disappear<\/a>. \u201cWhen they filter out poor-quality studies [which overlooked important lifestyle variables of participants] from those analyses, you just see more drinking, more risk,\u201d says Morris.<\/p>\n

As it turns out, when looking back at the study on resveratrol and heart health, the dose of resveratrol needed to produce even a small heart-healthy effect is so large, you\u2019d probably have to get your stomach pumped before you\u2019d reach it.<\/p>\n

Still, studies linking health benefits and alcohol continue to pop up. As late as 2019,\u00a0articles<\/a>\u00a0claiming that \u201ctequila can help you lose weight\u201d have abounded, simply because\u00a0one study a decade ago<\/a>\u00a0found that agave sugars helped regulate the appetites in mice (incidentally, via the same mechanisms that popular weight-loss drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy utilize today). But mouse-model findings don\u2019t always translate to humans, and the\u00a0tequila brands that optimistically use<\/a>\u00a0these findings to promote their products often fail to mention that the squeaky subjects were fed so much agave nectar (tequila\u2019s main ingredient) that, in one study, it accounted for\u00a020 percent of their daily carbohydrate intake<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Facing The Tough Reality<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Americans may be slow to absorb the bad news about alcohol, but the science is pretty darn clear: From cancer to brain health, sleep health, and gut health, no amount is truly *good* for you.<\/p>\n

One of the biggest issues is definitely alcohol\u2019s cancer-causing capabilities. While a whole constellation of personal risk factors and behaviors contributes to cancer development, alcohol is among them. Experts now know that alcohol can cause\u00a0oral cancer<\/a>\u00a0by disrupting the mouth\u2019s microbiome. They also know that alcohol\u2019s most abundant metabolite, acetaldehyde, is linked to\u00a0colorectal<\/a>,\u00a0esophageal<\/a>, and other cancers. And Morris says that alcohol\u2019s correlation with increased breast cancer risk is far more significant than with other types of cancer risks: Over two decades ago, a meta-analysis found that women who consumed two or three alcoholic drinks per day had a\u00a020 percent higher lifetime risk<\/a>\u00a0for breast cancer than those who didn\u2019t\u2014and alcohol is now believed to be responsible for around\u00a0100,000 breast cancer cases<\/a>\u00a0worldwide each year.<\/p>\n

Of course, some people find it easy to brush away these stats by leaning into \u201ccancer fatalism,\u201d which is the idea that \u201ceverything causes cancer, so there\u2019s nothing you can do to prevent it,\u201d says Wiseman. Yet she\u2019s interested in seeing more national survey data that might show how deeply rooted people\u2019s beliefs are, and how likely a change in behavior would be if people were provided all the information about alcohol\u2019s harmful health effects.<\/p>\n

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THE SCIENCE IS PRETTY DARN CLEAR: FROM CANCER TO BRAIN HEALTH, SLEEP HEALTH, AND GUT HEALTH, NO AMOUNT IS TRULY *GOOD* FOR YOU.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n

Evidence of the long-term consequences of drinking on brain health, too, can be difficult for people to grapple with, says Anya Topiwala, MD, a psychiatrist at the University of Oxford\u2014particularly because experts are still trying to determine how alcohol\u2019s impacts play out on an individual level. But scientists do know that excessive alcohol consumption can quite literally\u00a0eat away at neurons<\/a>\u00a0that make up the brain and central nervous system. In Dr. Topiwala\u2019s\u00a0own work<\/a>, she found that, above a baseline of about four to eight standard U.S. drinks a week, consuming an extra 1.71 (or roughly 24 grams of ethanol) is \u201cequivalent to an extra year of aging on the brain.\u201d<\/p>\n

The more we learn about alcohol, the more obvious it becomes that any slight positive health effect a beverage might have on your body actually comes from the nonalcoholic ingredients\u2014antioxidants from the grapefruit juice in your paloma, vitamin C from the muddled strawberries in a summertime cocktail, resveratrol from the grapes that made your glass of wine. But these nutrients are often found in greater abundance and more effectively consumed in other, safer dietary sources. (You\u2019re definitely much better off getting resveratrol from berries than from your nightly glass of wine, for example.)<\/p>\n

\u201cIn the U.K., there\u2019s a very well-known idea that Guinness is good for you, because it\u2019s thick and loaded up with vitamins,\u201d says Morris. But if you needed to drink those vitamins for some reason in 2024, you could always\u00a0grab a Guinness 0.0<\/a>\u2014the same pint, sans alcohol.<\/p>\n

What Comes Next<\/strong><\/h2>\n

As the case against drinking for health reasons grows, public health officials will have to decide how best to help us renegotiate the role it plays in our culture, experts say. \u201cEvidence in itself just doesn\u2019t change behavior,\u201d says Morris. \u201cWe need environments and cultural norms and peer groups\u00ad\u2014and obviously, it becomes very political.\u201d Consider California\u2019s long-standing Prop 65, which requires businesses to attach warning labels to products known to cause cancer. As a result, the beer aisles in the state look a bit different.<\/p>\n

Though alcohol may never have been good for us, experts still can\u2019t decide if the message that \u201cthere\u2019s no safe level of alcohol\u201d is appropriately effective or informative, says Morris. The choices between a beer and a soda, or whether to quit smoking, or whether to join a gym, have always been a deep individual calculus. The victory is in making sure people have all the right information to make the best decision for themselves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Lies We\u2019ve Been Told About Alcohol The Lies We’ve Been Told About Alcohol Why experts are now revealing the shocking truth behind alcohol\u2019s \u201chealth halo.\u201d By\u00a0Haley WeissUpdated: Jan 03, 2025 10:25 AM EST It took only seven years for cigarette sales to dip after the U.S. Public Health Service\u2019s first public acknowledgment that smoking […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1961,"featured_media":4314,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-in-the-news"],"acf":false,"yoast_head":"\nDr. Kara Wiseman featured in Women's Health: The Lies We've Been Told About Alcohol - Center for Behavioral Health and Technology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/bht\/2025\/02\/04\/dr-kara-wiseman-featured-in-womens-health-the-lies-weve-been-told-about-alcohol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dr. Kara Wiseman featured in Women's Health: The Lies We've Been Told About Alcohol - 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