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Ilya Levental

Ilya Levental

Professor, Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics

Bio & Overview

The overall goal of our research is to understand the fundamental mechanisms by which membranes and dietary lipids regulate cell physiology. By understanding the cell biology of lipids and membranes, we hope to identify targets for treatment of human diseases. Cell membranes are composites of biological macromolecules with a multitude of chemical interactions, which give rise to complex phase behaviors and physical properties. Thus, their study inherently requires a multidisciplinary approach, which is reflected in the richly interdisciplinary, collaborative environment of our lab. We combine tools from molecular and cell biology, membrane biophysics, protein biochemistry, and synthetic biology with expertise from biology, chemistry, engineering, and physics to answer fundamental about the nature and function of cell membranes.

Academic Information

Department
Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics

Primary Education

  • BS, Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technologynull
  • PhD, Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 2008
  • Postdoctoral Fellow, Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden Germanynull

Other Appointments

  • Associate Professor, Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics

Other Affiliations

  • MSTP
  • BIMS
  • Membrane and Cell Physiology
  • Biophysics & Structural Biology

Research Interests

Composition, Biophysics and Physiology of Cellular Membranes

Research Disciplines

  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Biophysics & Structural Biology
  • Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics

Research Opportunities

  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics & Structural Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Chemistry and Physics of Living Systems
  • Physiological Basis of Human Disease

PhD Programs

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology

Selected Publications

2024

Castello-Serrano, I., Heberle, F. A., Diaz-Rohrer, B., Ippolito, R., Shurer, C. R., Lujan, P., . . . Levental, I. (2024). Partitioning to ordered membrane domains regulates the kinetics of secretory traffic. ELIFE, 12. doi:10.7554/eLife.89306

Zimmer, S. E., Giang, W., Levental, I., & Kowalczyk, A. P. (2024). The transmembrane domain of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-1 governs lipid raft association to promote desmosome adhesive strength.. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2024.04.24.590936

Castello-Serrano, I., Heberle, F. A., Diaz-Rohrer, B., Ippolito, R., Shurer, C. R., Lujan, P., . . . Levental, I. (2024). Partitioning to ordered membrane domains regulates the kinetics of secretory traffic.. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.04.18.537395

2023

Doktorova, M., Levental, I., & Heberle, F. A. (2023). Seeing the Membrane from Both Sides Now: Lipid Asymmetry and Its Strange Consequences. COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY, 15(12). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041393

Park, S., Levental, I., Pastor, R. W., & Im, W. (2023). Unsaturated Lipids Facilitate Partitioning of Transmembrane Peptides into the Liquid Ordered Phase. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION, 19(15), 5303-5314. doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00398

Sezgin, E., & Levental, I. (2023). Membranes in focus. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 122(11), E1-E4. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.005

Wang, H. -Y., Chan, S. H., Dey, S., Castello-Serrano, I., Rosen, M. K., Ditlev, J. A., . . . Levental, I. (2023). Coupling of protein condensates to ordered lipid domains determines functional membrane organization. SCIENCE ADVANCES, 9(17). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adf6205

Shelby, S. A., Castello-Serrano, I., Wisser, K. C., Levental, I., & Veatch, S. L. (2023). Membrane phase separation drives responsive assembly of receptor signaling domains. NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, 19(6), 750-+. doi:10.1038/s41589-023-01268-8

Ward, A. E., Sokovikova, D., Waxham, M. N., Heberle, F. A., Levental, I., Levental, K. R., . . . Tamm, L. K. (2023). Serinc5 Restricts HIV Membrane Fusion by Altering Lipid Order and Heterogeneity in the Viral Membrane. ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 9(4), 773-784. doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00478

Diaz-Rohrer, B., Castello-Serrano, I., Chan, S. H., Wang, H. -Y., Shurer, C. R., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2023). Rab3 mediates a pathway for endocytic sorting and plasma membrane recycling of ordered microdomains. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 120(10). doi:10.1073/pnas.2207461120

Beltran, L. C., Cvirkaite-Krupovic, V., Miller, J., Wang, F., Kreutzberger, M. A. B., Patkowski, J. B., . . . Krupovic, M. (2023). Archaeal DNA-import apparatus is homologous to bacterial conjugation machinery. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 14(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36349-8

Hernandez, L. M. R., & Levental, I. (2023). Lipid packing is disrupted in copolymeric nanodiscs compared with intact membranes. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 122(11), 2256-2266. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2023.01.013

2022

Levental, I., & Lyman, E. (2023). Regulation of membrane protein structure and function by their lipid nano-environment (Sept, 10.1038/s41580022-00524-4, 2022). NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, 24(1), 79. doi:10.1038/s41580-022-00560-0

Levental, I., & Lyman, E. (2023). Regulation of membrane protein structure and function by their lipid nano-environment. NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, 24(2), 107-122. doi:10.1038/s41580-022-00524-4

Doktorova, M., & Levental, I. (2022). Cholesterol's balancing act: Defying the status quo. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 121(20), 3771-3773. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2022.08.036

2021

Matias, M. I., Yong, C. S., Foroushani, A., Goldsmith, C., Mongellaz, C., Sezgin, E., . . . Dardalhon, V. (2021). Regulatory T cell differentiation is controlled by αKG-induced alterations in mitochondrial metabolism and lipid homeostasis. CELL REPORTS, 37(5). doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109911

Penkert, H., Bertrand, A., Tiwari, V., Breimann, S., Mueller, S. A., Jordan, P. M., . . . Simons, M. (2021). Proteomic and lipidomic profiling of demyelinating lesions identifies fatty acids as modulators in lesion recovery. CELL REPORTS, 37(4). doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109898

Zinocker, M. K., Svendsen, K., Levental, K. R., Levental, I., & Dankel, S. N. (2021). The homeoviscous adaptation to dietary lipids (HADL) hypothesis is probably incorrect Reply. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 113(6), 1712-1713. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab111

Sanders, D. W., Jumper, C. C., Ackerman, P. J., Bracha, D., Donlic, A., Kim, H., . . . Brangwynne, C. P. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 requires cholesterol for viral entry and pathological syncytia formation. ELIFE, 10. doi:10.7554/eLife.65962

Symons, J. L., Cho, K. -J., Chang, J. T., Du, G., Waxham, M. N., Hancock, J. F., . . . Levental, K. R. (2021). Lipidomic atlas of mammalian cell membranes reveals hierarchical variation induced by culture conditions, subcellular membranes, and cell lineages. SOFT MATTER, 17(2), 288-297. doi:10.1039/d0sm00404a

2020

Doktorova, M., Symons, J. L., & Levental, I. (2020). Structural and functional consequences of reversible lipid asymmetry in living membranes. NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, 16(12), 1321-1330. doi:10.1038/s41589-020-00688-0

Marrink, S. J., & Levental, I. (2020). Computational and Experimental Advances in Biomembranes: Resolving Their Complexity Published as part of The Journal of Physical Chemistry virtual special issue "Computational and Experimental Advances in Biomembranes". JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, 124(45), 9975-9976. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09401

Heberle, F. A., Doktorova, M., Scott, H. L., Skinkle, A. D., Waxham, M. N., & Levental, I. (2020). Direct label-free imaging of nanodomains in biomimetic and biological membranes by cryogenic electron microscopy. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 117(33), 19943-19952. doi:10.1073/pnas.2002200117

Castello-Serrano, I., Lorent, J. H., Ippolito, R., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2020). Myelin-Associated MAL and PLP Are Unusual among Multipass Transmembrane Proteins in Preferring Ordered Membrane Domains. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, 124(28), 5930-5939. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03028

Lorent, J. H., Levental, K. R., Ganesan, L., Rivera-Longsworth, G., Sezgin, E., Doktorova, M., . . . Levental, I. (2020). Author Correction: Plasma membranes are asymmetric in lipid unsaturation, packing and protein shape. NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, 16(6), 710. doi:10.1038/s41589-020-0540-y

Lorent, J. H., Levental, K. R., Ganesan, L., Rivera-Longsworth, G., Sezgin, E., Doktorova, M. D., . . . Levental, I. (2020). Plasma membranes are asymmetric in lipid unsaturation, packing and protein shape. NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, 16(6), 644-+. doi:10.1038/s41589-020-0529-6

Levental, K. R., Malmberg, E., Symons, J. L., Fan, Y. -Y., Chapkin, R. S., Ernst, R., & Levental, I. (2020). Lipidomic and biophysical homeostasis of mammalian membranes counteracts dietary lipid perturbations to maintain cellular fitness. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15203-1

Levental, I., Levental, K. R., & Heberle, F. A. (2020). Lipid Rafts: Controversies Resolved, Mysteries Remain. TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY, 30(5), 341-353. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2020.01.009

Ballweg, S., Sezgin, E., Doktorova, M., Covino, R., Reinhard, J., Wunnicke, D., . . . Ernst, R. (2020). Regulation of lipid saturation without sensing membrane fluidity. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14528-1

Skinkle, A. D., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2020). Cell-Derived Plasma Membrane Vesicles Are Permeable to Hydrophilic Macromolecules. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 118(6), 1292-1300. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2019.12.040

Wang, H. -Y., Bharti, D., & Levental, I. (2020). Membrane Heterogeneity Beyond the Plasma Membrane. FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, 8. doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.580814

2019

McGraw, C., Yang, L., Levental, I., Lyman, E., & Robinson, A. S. (2019). Membrane cholesterol depletion reduces downstream signaling activity of the adenosine A2A receptor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES, 1861(4), 760-767. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.01.001

2018

Lorent, J. H., Diaz-Rohrer, B., Lin, X., Spring, K., Gorfe, A. A., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2018). Structural determinants and functional consequences of protein affinity for membrane rafts (2017). NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 9. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04164-1

2017

Levental, K. R., Surma, M. A., Skinkle, A. D., Lorent, J. H., Zhou, Y., Klose, C., . . . Levental, I. (2017). ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids direct differentiation of the membrane phenotype in mesenchymal stem cells to potentiate osteogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES, 3(11). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao1193

Lorent, J. H., Diaz-Rohrer, B., Lin, X., Spring, K., Gorfe, A. A., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2017). Structural determinants and functional consequences of protein affinity for membrane rafts. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 8. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01328-3

Burns, M., Wisser, K., Wu, J., Levental, I., & Veatch, S. L. (2017). Miscibility Transition Temperature Scales with Growth Temperature in a Zebrafish Cell Line. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 113(6), 1212-1222. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2017.04.052

Sezgin, E., Levental, I., Mayor, S., & Eggeling, C. (2017). The mystery of membrane organization: composition, regulation and roles of lipid rafts. NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY, 18(6), 361-374. doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.16

He, J., Zhang, F., Tay, L. W. R., Boroda, S., Nian, W., Levental, K. R., . . . Du, G. (2017). Lipin-1 regulation of phospholipid synthesis maintains endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and is critical for triple-negative breast cancer cell survival. FASEB JOURNAL, 31(7), 2893-2904. doi:10.1096/fj.201601353R

Ganesan, L., Shieh, P., Bertozzi, C. R., & Levental, I. (2017). Click-Chemistry Based High Throughput Screening Platform for Modulators of Ras Palmitoylation. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 7. doi:10.1038/srep41147

Rissanen, S., Grzybek, M., Orlowski, A., Rog, T., Cramariuc, O., Levental, I., . . . Vattulainen, I. (2017). Phase Partitioning of GM1 and Its Bodipy-Labeled Analog Determine Their Different Binding to Cholera Toxin. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, 8. doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00252

2016

Lin, X., Lorent, J. H., Skinlde, A. D., Levental, K. R., Waxham, M. N., Gorfe, A. A., & Levental, I. (2016). Domain Stability in Biomimetic Membranes Driven by Lipid Polyunsaturation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, 120(46), 11930-11941. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06815

Lin, X., Zhang, S., Ding, H., Levental, I., & Gorfe, A. A. (2016). The aliphatic chain of cholesterol modulates bilayer interleaflet coupling and domain registration. FEBS LETTERS, 590(19), 3368-3374. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.12383

Levental, I., & Veatch, S. L. (2016). The Continuing Mystery of Lipid Rafts. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 428(24), 4749-4764. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.022

Tulodziecka, K., Diaz-Rohrer, B. B., Farley, M. M., Chan, R. B., Di Paolo, G., Levental, K. R., . . . Levental, I. (2016). Remodeling of the postsynaptic plasma membrane during neural development. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, 27(22), 3480-3489. doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-06-0420

Tisza, M. J., Zhao, W., Fuentes, J. S. R., Prijic, S., Chen, X., Levental, I., & Chang, J. T. (2016). Motility and stem cell properties induced by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition require destabilization of lipid rafts. ONCOTARGET, 7(32), 51553-51568. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9928

Levental, K. R., Lorent, J. H., Lin, X., Skinkle, A. D., Surma, M. A., Stockenbojer, E. A., . . . Levental, I. (2016). Polyunsaturated Lipids Regulate Membrane Domain Stability by Tuning Membrane Order. BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 110(8), 1800-1810. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2016.03.012

2015

Wolfe, A. R., Debeb, B. G., Lacerda, L., Larson, R., Bambhroliya, A., Huang, X., . . . Woodward, W. A. (2015). Simvastatin prevents triple-negative breast cancer metastasis in pre-clinical models through regulation of FOXO3a. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 154(3), 495-508. doi:10.1007/s10549-015-3645-3

Piktel, E., Niemirowicz, K., Wnorowska, U., Watek, M., Wollny, T., Gluszek, K., . . . Bucki, R. (2016). The Role of Cathelicidin LL-37 in Cancer Development. ARCHIVUM IMMUNOLOGIAE ET THERAPIAE EXPERIMENTALIS, 64(1), 33-46. doi:10.1007/s00005-015-0359-5

Ganesan, L., & Levental, I. (2015). Pharmacological Inhibition of Protein Lipidation. JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE BIOLOGY, 248(6), 929-941. doi:10.1007/s00232-015-9835-4

Lorent, J. H., & Levental, I. (2015). Structural determinants of protein partitioning into ordered membrane domains and lipid rafts. CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF LIPIDS, 192, 23-32. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.07.022

Ihida-Stansbury, K., Ames, J., Chokshi, M., Aiad, N., Sanyal, S., Kawabata, K. C., . . . Jones, P. L. (2015). Role played by Prx1-dependent extracellular matrix properties in vascular smooth muscle development in embryonic lungs. PULMONARY CIRCULATION, 5(2), 382-397. doi:10.1086/681272

Sezgin, E., Gutmann, T., Buhl, T., Dirkx, R., Grzybek, M., Coskun, U., . . . Schwille, P. (2015). Adaptive Lipid Packing and Bioactivity in Membrane Domains. PLOS ONE, 10(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123930

2014

Beck-Garcia, K., Beck-Garcia, E., Bohler, S., Zorzin, C., Sezgin, E., Levental, I., . . . Schamel, W. W. A. (2015). Nanoclusters of the resting T cell antigen receptor (TCR) localize to non-raft domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH, 1853(4), 802-809. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.12.017

Diaz-Rohrer, B., Levental, K. R., & Levental, I. (2014). Rafting through traffic: Membrane domains in cellular logistics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES, 1838(12), 3003-3013. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.07.029

Schwarzer, R., Levental, I., Gramatica, A., Scolari, S., Buschmann, V., Veit, M., & Herrmann, A. (2014). The cholesterol-binding motif of the HIV-1 glycoprotein gp41 regulates lateral sorting and oligomerization. CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY, 16(10), 1565-1581. doi:10.1111/cmi.12314

Diaz-Rohrer, B. B., Levental, K. R., Simons, K., & Levental, I. (2014). Membrane raft association is a determinant of plasma membrane localization. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 111(23), 8500-8505. doi:10.1073/pnas.1404582111

2013

Zhou, Y., Maxwell, K. N., Sezgin, E., Lu, M., Liang, H., Hancock, J. F., . . . Levental, I. (2013). Bile Acids Modulate Signaling by Functional Perturbation of Plasma Membrane Domains. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 288(50), 35660-35670. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.519116

Sezgin, E., Chwastek, G., Aydogan, G., Levental, I., Simons, K., & Schwille, P. (2013). Photoconversion of Bodipy-Labeled Lipid Analogues. CHEMBIOCHEM, 14(6), 695-698. doi:10.1002/cbic.201300038

2012

Sezgin, E., Levental, I., Grzybek, M., Schwarzmann, G., Mueller, V., Honigmann, A., . . . Schwille, P. (2012). Partitioning, diffusion, and ligand binding of raft lipid analogs in model and cellular plasma membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES, 1818(7), 1777-1784. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.03.007

Sezgin, E., Kaiser, H. -J., Baumgart, T., Schwille, P., Simons, K., & Levental, I. (2012). Elucidating membrane structure and protein behavior using giant plasma membrane vesicles. NATURE PROTOCOLS, 7(6), 1042-1051. doi:10.1038/nprot.2012.059

2011

Kaiser, H. -J., Surma, M. A., Mayer, F., Levental, I., Grzybek, M., Klemm, R. W., . . . Lingwood, D. (2011). Molecular Convergence of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Surface Order. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 286(47), 40631-40637. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.276444

Thaa, B., Levental, I., Herrmann, A., & Veit, M. (2011). Intrinsic membrane association of the cytoplasmic tail of influenza virus M2 protein and lateral membrane sorting regulated by cholesterol binding and palmitoylation. BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL, 437, 389-397. doi:10.1042/BJ20110706

Levental, I., Grzybek, M., & Simons, K. (2011). Raft domains of variable properties and compositions in plasma membrane vesicles. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 108(28), 11411-11416. doi:10.1073/pnas.1105996108

2010

Levental, I., Lingwood, D., Grzybek, M., Coskun, U., & Simons, K. (2010). Palmitoylation regulates raft affinity for the majority of integral raft proteins. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 107(51), 22050-22054. doi:10.1073/pnas.1016184107

Levental, I., Grzybek, M., & Simons, K. (2010). Greasing Their Way: Lipid Modifications Determine Protein Association with Membrane Rafts. BIOCHEMISTRY, 49(30), 6305-6316. doi:10.1021/bi100882y

Levental, I., Levental, K. R., Klein, E. A., Assoian, R., Miller, R. T., Wells, R. G., & Janmey, P. A. (2010). A simple indentation device for measuring micrometer-scale tissue stiffness. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER, 22(19). doi:10.1088/0953-8984/22/19/194120