Richard J. Santen
Clinician Physician, Medicine- Endocrinology and Metabolism
Fontaine Research Park, 415 Ray C. Hunt Drive
Ivy, VA 22945
Bio & Overview
Academic Information
- Department
- Medicine- Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Academic Title
- Professor
Primary Education
- BA, Philosophy, College of the Holy Cross, 1961
- Clinical Fellowship, Endocrinology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WAnull
- MD, Medicine, University of Michigan, 1965
- Residency, Internal Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Centernull
- Residency, Internal Medicine, University of Michigannull
Other Appointments
- Professor, Medicine
- Professor, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Other Affiliations
- Member, Women's Oncology Program
Research Interests
Selected Publications
2019
Santen, R. (2019). Hormone-based strategies for management of BrCa1 and 2 carriers. Maturitas, 124, 120-121. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.04.034
Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2019). Managing vasomotor symptoms in women after cancer. CLIMACTERIC, 22(6), 544-552. doi:10.1080/13697137.2019.1600501
Santen, R. J., & Simpson, E. (2019). History of Estrogen: Its Purification, Structure, Synthesis, Biologic Actions, and Clinical Implications.. Endocrinology, 160(3), 605-625. doi:10.1210/en.2018-00529
Santen, R., Hasan, F., Thoren, K., & Farooki, A. (2019). Pituitary as a Source of HCG: Residual Levels After Bilateral Testicular Tumor Removal.. Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports, 7, 2324709619841414. doi:10.1177/2324709619841414
Yue, W., Verhoeven, C., Bernnink, H. C., Wang, J. -P., & Santen, R. J. (2019). Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Estetrol on Long-Term Estrogen-Deprived Breast Cancer Cells and at Low Doses on Hormone-Sensitive Cells.. Breast cancer : basic and clinical research, 13, 1178223419844198. doi:10.1177/1178223419844198
2018
Santen, R. J., & Yue, W. (2019). Cause or prevention of breast cancer with estrogens: analysis from tumor biologic data, growth kinetic model and Women's Health Initiative study.. Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society, 22(1), 3-12. doi:10.1080/13697137.2017.1388364
Mauras, N., Torres-Santiago, L., Santen, R., Mericq, V., Ross, J., Colon-Otero, G., . . . Blair, I. A. (2019). Impact of route of administration on genotoxic oestrogens concentrations using oral vs transdermal oestradiol in girls with Turner syndrome.. Clinical endocrinology, 90(1), 155-161. doi:10.1111/cen.13869
Santen, R. J., Jewell, C. M., Yue, W., Heitjan, D. F., Raff, H., Katen, K. S., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2018). Glucocorticoid Receptor Mutations and Hypersensitivity to Endogenous and Exogenous Glucocorticoids. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 103(10), 3630-3639. doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00352
Yue, W., Wang, J., Atkins, K. A., Bottalico, L., Mesaros, C., Blair, I. A., & Santen, R. J. (2018). Effect of a tissue selective estrogen complex on breast cancer: Role of unique properties of conjugated equine estrogen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, 143(5), 1259-1268. doi:10.1002/ijc.31401
Klein, K. O., Rosenfield, R. L., Santen, R. J., Gawlik, A. M., Backeljauw, P. F., Gravholt, C. H., . . . Mauras, N. (2018). Estrogen Replacement in Turner Syndrome: Literature Review and Practical Considerations.. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 103(5), 1790-1803. doi:10.1210/jc.2017-02183
2017
Santen, R. J., Barrett, E. J., Siragy, H. M., Farhi, L. S., Fishbein, L., & Carey, R. M. (2017). The Jewel in theCrown: Specific Aims Section of Investigator-Initiated Grant Proposals. JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY, 1(9), 1194-1202. doi:10.1210/js.2017-00318
Santen, R. J., Stuenkel, C. A., Davis, S. R., Pinkerton, J. V., Gompel, A., & Lumsden, M. A. (2017). Managing Menopausal Symptoms and Associated Clinical Issues in Breast Cancer Survivors. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 102(10), 3647-3661. doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01138
Santen, R. J. (2017). Use of cardiovascular age for assessing risks and benefits of menopausal hormone therapy. MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY, 24(5), 589-595. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000847
Santen, R. J., Radisky, D. C., Degnim, A., Frost, M. H., Vachon, C. M., Ghosh, K., . . . Sasano, H. (2017). Aromatase expression in atypical ductal hyperplasia in women. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 163(3), 623-629. doi:10.1007/s10549-017-4184-x
2016
Santen, R. J., Joham, A., Fishbein, L., Vella, K. R., Ebeling, P. R., Gibson-Helm, M., & Teede, H. (2016). Career Advancement: Meeting the Challenges Confronting the Next Generation of Endocrinologists and Endocrine Researchers. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 101(12), 4512-4520. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-3016
Gurka, M. J., Vishnu, A., Santen, R. J., & DeBoer, M. D. (2016). Progression of Metabolic Syndrome Severity During the Menopausal Transition. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION, 5(8). doi:10.1161/JAHA.116.003609
Campbell, S. T., Santen, R. J., & Bruns, D. E. (2016). Undetectable Urine Calcium in a Gastric Bypass Patient. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, 62(8), 1161. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2015.251868
Santen, R. J., Song, Y., Wang, J. -P., & Yue, W. (2017). Preclinical breast effects of a tissue selective estrogen complex (TSEC) including conjugated estrogen with bazedoxifene. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 170, 61-64. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.05.008
Stuenkel, C. A., & Santen, R. J. (2016). An introduction to the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline on treatment of symptoms of the menopause.. Post reproductive health, 22(1), 6-8. doi:10.1177/2053369115626029
2015
Stuenkel, C. A., Davis, S. R., Gompel, A., Lumsden, M. A., Murad, M. H., Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2015). Treatment of Symptoms of the Menopause: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 100(11), 3975-4011. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2236
Simpson, E., & Santen, R. J. (2015). Celebrating 75 years of oestradiol. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY, 55(3), T1-T20. doi:10.1530/JME-15-0128
Mauras, N., Santen, R. J., Colon-Otero, G., Hossain, J., Wang, Q., Mesaros, C., & Blair, I. A. (2015). Estrogens and Their Genotoxic Metabolites Are Increased in Obese Prepubertal Girls. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 100(6), 2322-2328. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1495
Demers, L. M., Hankinson, S. E., Haymond, S., Key, T., Rosner, W., Santen, R. J., . . . Ziegler, R. G. (2015). Measuring Estrogen Exposure and Metabolism: Workshop Recommendations on Clinical Issues. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 100(6), 2165-2170. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1040
Chen, H., Wang, J. -P., Santen, R. J., & Yue, W. (2015). Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), a mediator of estradiol-induced apoptosis in long-term estrogen deprived breast cancer cells. APOPTOSIS, 20(6), 821-830. doi:10.1007/s10495-015-1111-7
Statement of Principle. (2015). Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, 21(1), 87. doi:10.4158/ep11314.stmnt
Hartmann, L. C., Degnim, A. C., Santen, R. J., Dupont, W. D., & Ghosh, K. (2015). Atypical Hyperplasia of the Breast - Risk Assessment and Management Options. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 372(1), 78-89. doi:10.1056/NEJMsr1407164
2014
Santen, R. J., Demers, L. M., & Ziegler, R. G. (2015). Workshop on measuring estrogen exposure and metabolism: Summary of the presentations. STEROIDS, 99, 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2014.12.012
Seaquist, E. R., Boulton, A. J., Harrell, R. M., Grunberger, G., & Santen, R. J. (2014). Statement of principle.. Endocrinology, 155(12), 4604. doi:10.1210/en.2014-1873
Cefalu, W. T., Nair, K. S., Seaquist, E. R., Zierath, J., Boulton, A. J. M., LeRoith, D., . . . Santen, R. J. (2014). Statement of principle.. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 99(12), 4376. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-3958
Seaquist, E. R., Boulton, A. J. M., Harrell, R. M., Grunberger, G., & Santen, R. J. (2014). Statement of principle.. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.), 28(12), 1918. doi:10.1210/me.2014-1338
Cefalu, W. T., Nair, K. S., Seaquist, E. R., Zierath, J., Boulton, A. J. M., LeRoith, D., . . . Santen, R. J. (2014). Statement of principle.. Endocrine reviews, 35(6), 850. doi:10.1210/er.2014-1089
Santen, R. J. (2015). Vaginal administration of estradiol: effects of dose, preparation and timing on plasma estradiol levels. CLIMACTERIC, 18(2), 121-134. doi:10.3109/13697137.2014.947254
Santen, R. J., Yue, W., & Wang, J. -P. (2015). Estrogen metabolites and breast cancer. STEROIDS, 99, 61-66. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2014.08.003
Smith, C. L., Santen, R. J., Komm, B., & Mirkin, S. (2014). Breast-related effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators and tissue-selective estrogen complexes. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH, 16(3). doi:10.1186/bcr3677
Pathiraja, T. N., Nayak, S. R., Xi, Y., Jiang, S., Garee, J. P., Edwards, D. P., . . . Oesterreich, S. (2014). Epigenetic Reprogramming of HOXC10 in Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer. SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE, 6(229). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3008326
Santen, R. J., Stuenkel, C. A., Burger, H. G., & Manson, J. E. (2014). Competency in Menopause Management: Whither Goest the Internist?. JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH, 23(4), 281-285. doi:10.1089/jwh.2014.4746
Hartmann, L. C., Radisky, D. C., Frost, M. H., Santen, R. J., Vierkant, R. A., Benetti, L. L., . . . Degnim, A. C. (2014). Understanding the Premalignant Potential of Atypical Hyperplasia through Its Natural History: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH, 7(2), 211-217. doi:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-13-0222
Santen, R. J., Kagan, R., Altomare, C. J., Komm, B., Mirkin, S., & Taylor, H. S. (2014). Current and Evolving Approaches to Individualizing Estrogen Receptor-Based Therapy for Menopausal Women. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 99(3), 733-747. doi:10.1210/jc.2013-3680
2013
Gompel, A., Baber, R. J., de Villiers, T. J., Huang, K. -E., Santen, R. J., Shah, D., . . . Shapiro, S. (2013). Oncology in midlife and beyond. CLIMACTERIC, 16(5), 522-535. doi:10.3109/13697137.2013.823539
Santen, R. J. (2014). Menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 142, 52-61. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.06.010
Santen, R. J., Song, Y., Yue, W., Wang, J. -P., & Heitjan, D. F. (2013). Effects of menopausal hormonal therapy on occult breast tumors. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 137, 150-156. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.05.008
Torres-Santiago, L., Mericq, V., Taboada, M., Unanue, N., Klein, K. O., Singh, R., . . . Mauras, N. (2013). Metabolic Effects of Oral Versus Transdermal 17β-Estradiol (E2): A Randomized Clinical Trial in Girls With Turner Syndrome. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 98(7), 2716-2724. doi:10.1210/jc.2012-4243
Santen, R. J., Yue, W., & Heitjan, D. F. (2013). Occult Breast Tumor Reservoir: Biological Properties and Clinical Significance. HORMONES & CANCER, 4(4), 195-207. doi:10.1007/s12672-013-0145-y
Yue, W., Wang, J. -P., Zhang, L., Wang, W., Santen, R. J., & Aiyar, S. E. (2013). Induction of apoptosis in hormone refractory breast cancer: horizontal modulation is superior to vertical.. Journal of experimental therapeutics & oncology, 10(3), 169-179.
2012
Song, Y., Santen, R. J., Wang, J. -P., & Yue, W. (2013). Inhibitory Effects of a Bazedoxifene/Conjugated Equine Estrogen Combination on Human Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro. ENDOCRINOLOGY, 154(2), 656-665. doi:10.1210/en.2012-2038
Yue, W., Yager, J. D., Wang, J. -P., Jupe, E. R., & Santen, R. J. (2013). Estrogen receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms of breast cancer carcinogenesis. STEROIDS, 78(2), 161-170. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2012.11.001
Song, Y., Santen, R. J., Wang, J. -P., & Yue, W. (2012). Effects of the Conjugated Equine Estrogen/Bazedoxifene Tissue-Selective Estrogen Complex (TSEC) on Mammary Gland and Breast Cancer in Mice. ENDOCRINOLOGY, 153(12), 5706-5715. doi:10.1210/en.2012-1583
Eggleston, E., Liu, Z., Mirmira, R. G., Silva, C. M., Shu, J., & Santen, R. J. (2012). Insights into Mentorship for Endocrinologists. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 97(11), 3891-3896. doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2215
Gompel, A., & Santen, R. J. (2012). Hormone therapy and breast cancer risk 10 years after the WHI. CLIMACTERIC, 15(3), 241-249. doi:10.3109/13697137.2012.666456
Santen, R. J., Yue, W., & Heitjan, D. F. (2012). Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Occult Breast Tumors: Role in Interpretation of Studies of Prevention and Menopausal Hormone Therapy. CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION, 21(7), 1038-1048. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0043
Taboada, M., Santen, R., Lima, J., Hossain, J., Singh, R., Klein, K. O., & Mauras, N. (2012). Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral and Transdermal 17β Estradiol in Girls With Turner Syndrome EDITORIAL COMMENT. OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY, 67(4), 230-231. doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e3182502228
Santen, R. J. (2012). Memorial Pentti Siiteri. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 132(3-5), 339-340. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.07.002
2011
Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2011). Vaginal atrophy.. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 96(11), A27-A28. doi:10.1210/jcem.96.11.zega27
Taboada, M., Santen, R., Lima, J., Hossain, J., Singh, R., Klein, K. O., & Mauras, N. (2011). Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral and Transdermal 17β Estradiol in Girls with Turner Syndrome. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 96(11), 3502-3510. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1449
2010
Kim, T., Park, H., Yue, W., Wang, J. -P., Atkins, K. A., Zhang, Z., . . . Aiyar, S. E. (2011). Tetra-methoxystilbene modulates ductal growth of the developing murine mammary gland. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 126(3), 779-789. doi:10.1007/s10549-010-1301-5
Santen, R. J. (2011). Effect of Endocrine Therapies on Bone in Breast Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 96(2), 308-319. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-1679
Li, Y., Wang, J. -P., Santen, R. J., Kim, T. -H., Park, H., Fan, P., & Yue, W. (2010). Estrogen Stimulation of Cell Migration Involves Multiple Signaling Pathway Interactions. ENDOCRINOLOGY, 151(11), 5146-5156. doi:10.1210/en.2009-1506
Yue, W., Wang, J. -P., Li, Y., Fan, P., Liu, G., Zhang, N., . . . Santen, R. (2010). Effects of estrogen on breast cancer development: role of estrogen receptor independent mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, 127(8), 1748-1757. doi:10.1002/ijc.25207
Berstein, L. M., Yue, W., Wang, J. -P., & Santen, R. J. (2011). Isolated and combined action of tamoxifen and metformin in wild-type, tamoxifen-resistant, and estrogen-deprived MCF-7 cells. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 128(1), 109-117. doi:10.1007/s10549-010-1072-z
Santen, R. J., Allred, D. C., Ardoin, S. P., Archer, D. F., Boyd, N., Braunstein, G. D., . . . Utian, W. H. (2010). Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, 95(7), S7-+. doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2509
Vachon, C. M., Sasano, H., Ghosh, K., Brandt, K. R., Watson, D. A., Reynolds, C., . . . Ingle, J. N. (2011). Aromatase immunoreactivity is increased in mammographically dense regions of the breast. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 125(1), 243-252. doi:10.1007/s10549-010-0944-6
Aiyar, S. E., Park, H., Aldo, P. B., Mor, G., Gildea, J. J., Miller, A. L., . . . Santen, R. J. (2010). TMS, a chemically modified herbal derivative of Resveratrol, induces cell death by targeting Bax. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT, 124(1), 265-277. doi:10.1007/s10549-010-0903-2
Berstein, L. M., Yue, W., Wang, J. P., & Santen, R. J. (2010). Separate and Combined Actions of Tamoxifen and Metformin in Hormone Resistant Breast Cancer Cells.. ENDOCRINE REVIEWS, 31(3). Retrieved from https://www.webofscience.com/